It seems weirdly difficult to find a good solution to attach HDDs to my pi. Best case would be for me a enclosure with small power supply, space for my pi, and at least 2 bays for HDDs, rather 4. All that for under 100€ of cause :D
I could not really find cheap hhd enclosures that connect via usb. Any recommendations? I don’t really want to use HDD toasters, they feel not permanent enough for a Nas. I could also not find sata to usb hats for the pi that are available right now
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There are several solutions but will be above the budget. Best solution is the Argon Eon case for the RPi 4. I’m waiting for a version for the RPi 5.
Can house the Pi and either 4x 2.5" drives or 2x 2.5" and 2x 3.5" drives, all SATA.
Pi NAS is a big pile of cables and adapters IMO. You can buy used PC with multiple SATA or M2 ports for 100€
yeah, once you have the drives, building the rest of the system can be done for dummy cheap if you look at like cheap used workstations that some company or school is offloading. and it would still probably be a more capable system all around.
It seems weirdly difficult to find a good solution to attach HDDs to my pi.
Being a nas is not at all what a pi is made for. So it’s not surprising at all.
The Raspberry Pi would be a great low power device to have always on with some storage attached to backup to, store family photos, etc.
So not a high performance NAS, but good enough for this use case.
not a high performance NAS
That is an understatement.
It entirely depends on what you want to do with it. So calling it underpowered is not a statement that can be made in general.
Disk I/O always been the weak point of RPi, with slow USB being the only way to attach drives, and the USB port sharing the same bus as the network controller. A requirement for a frequently used Network-Attached Storage is… well… decently fast network and storage access. The Pi will not cut it for this specific task (moving external USB drives around your house would be faster and more practical).
You not caring if it’s underpowered doesn’t mean it’s not underpowered.
Your raspberry pi doesn’t have sata or pcie support. Depending on your use case you may want something other than USB as USB is slow
I have 2 HDDs with a speed of 180mb/s with a burst of 6gb/s according to the Seagate website. Usb3.0 has a data transfer rate of 5gbit/s
So the usb connection will be the bottle neck, but 1. My network speed is not that fast and 2. 5gbit/s is still plenty I think?
First of all, you will never achieve usb3 full theoretical speed. Its just not going to happen. Even if you could though you wouldn’t be able to get full speeds because your bandwidth is split between devices. You will be sharing the bus between plugged in devices along with on board hardware devices.
A USB 3.2 gen 1 connection (5 Gb/s) is still plenty for multiple HDDs AND when you have no need for compute on the NAS the network Link is the relevant bottleneck which is half of the USB connection.
Then USB 3.2 gen 2 (10 Gb/s) interfaces on HDD enclosures get more common every day which gives even more headroom with little more expenses.
And likes to drop the connection.
And you typically don’t get SMART-Data from USB-adapters.
Yes you do. You just may need to turn it on.
From what I read online that can lead to instabilities and was therefore disabled on Linux.
I’ve used it in the past but none of my USB drives failed.
I ripped out the control board of the 2x bay toaster and then bought some sata extension cables (with power) for 2x HDDs. 3D printed a little drive bay type thing and then slapped the raspi on top with the usb controller. It works great!
Works for my usecase of basic NAS /SMB /SFTP and I can stream 1080p etc.
But would look to sata in the future also like you mention, couldn’t find a hat, but USB speeds are fine for me.
there is a device you drop a pi into, and others like this. https://argon40.com/products/argon-eon-pi-nas
You can do it. I use a powered USB hub and a raspberry pi, and 5 hard drives.
It is a mess of cables but was simple enough.
I also sprang for a UPS because most filesystem’s I tried like zfs and btrfs didn’t appreciate random brownouts from running 4 drives off the pi itself.
Right now they’re xfs and used for a minio install and torrent storage
Hey this and put FreeNAS / TrueNAS on this.
TERRAMASTER F2-223 2Bay NAS Storage – High Performance for SMB with N4505 Dual-Core CPU, 4GB DDR4 Memory, 2.5GbE Port x 2, Network Storage Server (Diskless) https://a.co/d/iT25GwL
M2 is getting so cheap that having a drive spinning all day can add up in electricity whereas m2 is a lot more efficient.
For a NAS, you’re usually concerned with capacity first. And you can’t buy a 20TB m2.
M2 isn’t much more expensive than HDDs anymore. It used to be five times times the cost. Now maybe 1.5 to 2 times. And they require a lot less space and no dedicated backplane with seperate power.
Also you need redundancy. A 20TB hdd is very expensive and usually very overkill. Rebuilding them takes very long if you ever have corruption issues, along with other problems.
It’s better to have three smaller drives than a single 20TB one.
Unless you’re running an actual datacenter with cooling and big rack space, m.2 is a likely more worth it these days for a small home NAS.
Acronyms, initialisms, abbreviations, contractions, and other phrases which expand to something larger, that I’ve seen in this thread:
Fewer Letters More Letters NAS Network-Attached Storage PCIe Peripheral Component Interconnect Express RPi Raspberry Pi brand of SBC SATA Serial AT Attachment interface for mass storage SBC Single-Board Computer
[Thread #455 for this sub, first seen 27th Jan 2024, 21:35] [FAQ] [Full list] [Contact] [Source code]
I dont know if this qualifies as a “toaster” but Ive used this docking bay in the past for a NAS and it served my purposes decently well. One thing to keep in mind is that random IO will be lacking with a usb interface. Also, this particular chipset does powercycle all the drives when one is removed so drive swaps end up requiring you to power the entire system off to perform. Also no integrated cooling may be a deal breaker as you illuded to.
If I was basing a nas build off of a PI, I would look to use the PCIe 1x2.0 interface on the pi 5 as a HBA.
I think your best option would be a pi 4 compute for high speed bus. https://www.waveshare.com/cm4-nas-double-deck-c4a.htm
